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USE WideWorldImporters -- Create Transact-SQL SELECT queries -- 001 SELECT * FROM Orders -- 002 SELECT name FROM sys.servers WHERE server_id = 0 -- 003 SELECT * FROM [DESKTOP-LO5S40T].Wideworldimporters.sales.orders -- 004 SELECT d.name ,MAX(b.backup_finish_date) AS 'Most recent full backup' FROM master.sys.databases d LEFT OUTER JOIN msdb..backupset b ON d.name = b.database_name WHERE d.name <> 'tempdb' AND (b.type = 'D' OR b.type IS NULL) GROUP BY d.name ORDER BY d.name; -- 005 CREATE TABLE dbo.Orders (id int) SELECT * FROM dbo.Orders DROP TABLE dbo.Orders -- 006 SELECT name ,default_schema_name FROM sys.database_principals WHERE principal_id = user_id(); -- 007 CREATE SYNONYM [dbo].[Orders] FOR [WideWorldImporters].[Sales].[Orders] SELECT * FROM dbo.Orders -- 008 DROP SYNONYM [dbo].[Orders] -- 009 SELECT master.sys.databases.name -- 010 SELECT o.* FROM (SELECT * FROM Sales.Orders) o -- SELECT clause -- 011 SELECT OrderID as 'Order number' FROM Sales.Orders SELECT 'Order number' = OrderID FROM Sales.Orders -- 012 SELECT UPPER(FullName) FROM [Application].[People] --WHERE clause -- 013 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PersonID = 1 -- 014 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE FullName = 'Kayla Woodcock' -- 015 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE EmailAddress = NULL -- 016 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE EmailAddress IS NULL -- 017 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE FullName LIKE 'Daniel%' -- 018 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName LIKE 'Isabell_' -- 019 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName LIKE 'Isabell[a-z]' -- 020 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName IN ('Isabelle', 'Isabell') -- 021 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName IN ( SELECT CustomerName FROM sales.Customers ) -- 022 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName BETWEEN 'I' AND 'Isabelle' -- 023 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PersonID BETWEEN 1 AND 10 -- 024 SELECT GETDATE() -- 025 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE ValidTo > GETDATE() -- 026 SELECT LEFT('Isabelle', 3) -- 027 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE LEFT(PreferredName,3) = 'Isa' SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName LIKE 'Isa%' -- 028 DECLARE @FirstName varchar(50) SET @FirstName = 'Isabelle' SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName = @FirstName SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName = 'Isabelle' -- 029 DECLARE @FullName varchar(50) SELECT @FullName = FullName FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName = 'Isabelle' SELECT @FullName -- 030 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE 1 = 1 -- 031 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PersonID = 1 AND PersonID = 2 -- 032 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PersonID = 1 OR PersonID = 2 --033 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PersonID IN (1, 2) -- 034 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE (PersonID = 1 OR PersonID = 2) AND PreferredName = 'Isabella' SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PersonID = 1 OR (PersonID = 2 AND PreferredName = 'Isabella') /* ORDER BY clause */ -- 035 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] ORDER BY PreferredName -- 036 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] ORDER BY PreferredName DESC -- 037 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] ORDER BY PreferredName, PersonID -- 038 SELECT PreferredName FROM [Application].[People] ORDER BY ValidFrom /* Set operators */ -- 039 SELECT 1, 'record 1' UNION SELECT 2, 'record 2' -- 040 SELECT 1, 'record 1' UNION SELECT 1, 'record 2' SELECT 1, 'record 1' UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'record 2' -- 041 SELECT 1, 'record 1' as Alias1 UNION SELECT 2 as Alias2, 'record 2' as Alias3 -- 042 SELECT 1, 'record 1' UNION SELECT 2 , GETDATE() -- 043 SELECT 1, 'record 1' EXCEPT SELECT 1, 'record 1' -- 044 SELECT 1, 'record 1' INTERSECT SELECT 1, 'record 1' -- 045 USE TestDB GO CREATE TABLE dbo.Customers ( CustomerID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL ); -- 046 CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees ( EmployeeID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL ); -- 047 INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson', 'Main street 1, Dallas'); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Frank', 'Smith', 'Second street 2, Miami'); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Joe', 'Johnson', 'Third Avenue 3, New York'); INSERT dbo.Employees VALUES ('Jack', 'Ford', 'Second street 2, Denver'); INSERT dbo.Employees VALUES ('Donald', 'Charleston', 'Times Square, New York'); INSERT dbo.Employees VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson', 'Main street 1, Dallas'); -- 048 SELECT FirstName, LastName, Address FROM Customers UNION SELECT FirstName, LastName, Address FROM Employees -- 049 DROP TABLE dbo.Customers; DROP TABLE dbo.Employees; /* Section 2: Querying multiple tables by using joins */ -- 050 SELECT * FROM Sales.Orders ,Sales.OrderLines -- 051 SELECT * FROM Sales.Orders CROSS JOIN Sales.OrderLines -- 052 SELECT * FROM Sales.Orders ,Sales.OrderLines WHERE Sales.Orders.OrderID = Sales.OrderLines.OrderID -- 053 SELECT * FROM Sales.Orders o ,Sales.OrderLines ol WHERE o.OrderID = ol.OrderID -- 054 SELECT * FROM Sales.Orders o ,Sales.OrderLines ol WHERE o.OrderID = ol.OrderID AND o.OrderDate = '2014-07-17' -- 055 SELECT * FROM Sales.Orders o JOIN Sales.OrderLines ol ON o.OrderID = ol.OrderID WHERE o.OrderDate = '2014-07-17' -- 056 SELECT * FROM warehouse.StockItems WHERE StockItemID NOT IN ( SELECT StockItemID FROM sales.Orderlines) -- 057 CREATE TABLE dbo.Customers ( CustomerID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE dbo.Orders ( OrderID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,CustomerID tinyint NOT NULL ,OrderDate datetime NOT NULL ,SalesAmount decimal(18,2) NOT NULL ); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson', 'Main street 1, Dallas'); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Frank', 'Smith', 'Second street 2, Miami'); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Joe', 'Johnson', 'Third Avenue 3, New York'); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES (1, '2011-01-01', 30.02); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES (2, '2012-02-02', 15.99); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES (4, '2014-04-04', 107.00); -- 058 SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers c LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID -- 059 SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers c RIGHT OUTER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID -- 060 INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES (1, '2015-05-05', 230.02); -- 061 SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers c FULL OUTER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID -- 062 CREATE TABLE dbo.OrderLines ( OrderLineID tinyint NOT NULL ,OrderID tinyint NOT NULL ,Product varchar(100) NOT NULL ,Units tinyint NOT NULL ,UnitPrice decimal(18,2) NOT NULL ); INSERT dbo.OrderLines VALUES (1, 1, 'ProductA', 1, 10.04); INSERT dbo.OrderLines VALUES (2, 1, 'ProductB', 2, 9.99); -- 063 SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers c INNER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.OrderLines ol on ol.OrderID = o.OrderID; -- 064 SELECT c.FirstName ,c.LastName ,o.OrderDate ,o.SalesAmount ,ol.Product ,ol.Units ,ol.UnitPrice FROM dbo.Customers c INNER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.OrderLines ol on ol.OrderID = o.OrderID ORDER BY c.CustomerID, o.OrderID, ol.OrderLineID; -- 065 DROP TABLE dbo.Customers; DROP TABLE dbo.Orders; DROP TABLE dbo.OrderLines; -- Construct multiple JOIN operators using AND and OR -- 066 CREATE TABLE dbo.Customers ( FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL ); ALTER TABLE dbo.Customers ADD CONSTRAINT PK_Customers PRIMARY KEY (FirstName, LastName) GO CREATE TABLE dbo.Orders ( OrderID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,OrderDate datetime NOT NULL ,SalesAmount decimal(18,2) NOT NULL ); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson', 'Main street 1, Dallas'); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Frank', 'Smith', 'Second street 2, Miami'); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Joe', 'Johnson', 'Third Avenue 3, New York'); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson', '2011-01-01', 30.02); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES ('Frank', 'Smith', '2012-02-02', 15.99); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES ('Bob', 'Smith', '2014-04-04', 107.00); -- 067 SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers c FULL OUTER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON c.FirstName = o.FirstName AND c.LastName = o.LastName -- 068 DROP TABLE dbo.Customers; DROP TABLE dbo.Orders; -- 069 CREATE TABLE dbo.Student ( CustomerID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,FatherID tinyint NOT NULL ,MotherID tinyint NOT NULL ,IsCurrent bit NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE dbo.Parent ( ParentID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,EmailAddress varchar(100) NULL ); INSERT dbo.Student VALUES ('Bob jr', 'Jackson', 1,2, 0); INSERT dbo.Student VALUES ('Joe jr', 'Johnson', 3,4, 1); INSERT dbo.Parent VALUES ('Bob sr', 'Jackson', NULL); INSERT dbo.Parent VALUES ('Betty', 'Jackson', 'bettyjackson@someprovider.com'); INSERT dbo.Parent VALUES ('Joe sr', 'Johnson', 'joejohnson@someprovider.com'); INSERT dbo.Parent VALUES ('Jane', 'Johnson', 'janejohnson@someprovider.com'); -- 070 SELECT s.FirstName AS 'Student first name' ,s.LastName AS 'Student last name' ,p.FirstName AS 'Parent first name' ,p.LastName AS 'Parent last name' ,p.EmailAddress FROM dbo.Student s inner join Parent p on s.FatherID = p.ParentID OR s.MotherID = p.ParentID WHERE s.IsCurrent = 1 -- 071 DROP TABLE dbo.Student DROP TABLE dbo.Parent -- Write queries with NULLs on joins -- 072 CREATE TABLE dbo.Customers ( CustomerID tinyint NULL ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE dbo.Orders ( OrderID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,CustomerID tinyint NULL ,OrderDate datetime NOT NULL ,SalesAmount decimal(18,2) NOT NULL ); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES (1, 'Bob', 'Jackson', 'Main street 1, Dallas'); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES (2, 'Frank', 'Smith', 'Second street 2, Miami'); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES (NULL, 'Joe', 'Johnson', 'Third Avenue 3, New York'); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES (1, '2011-01-01', 30.02); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES (2, '2012-02-02', 15.99); INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES (NULL, '2014-04-04', 107.00); -- 073 SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers c INNER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID -- 074 SELECT ISNULL(CustomerID, 99) FROM dbo.Customers -- 075 SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers c INNER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON ISNULL(c.CustomerID,99) = ISNULL(o.CustomerID,99) -- 076 SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers c INNER JOIN dbo.Orders o ON (c.CustomerID IS NULL and o.CustomerID IS NULL) OR c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID -- 077 DROP TABLE dbo.Customers; DROP TABLE dbo.Orders; /* Implement functions and aggregate data */ -- 078 SELECT UPPER(FullName) FROM [Application].[People] -- 079 SELECT LOWER('ABCDE') -- 080 SELECT UPPER(LOWER('ABCDE')) -- 081 SELECT * FROM [Application].[People] WHERE LOWER(PreferredName) = 'isabelle' -- 082 SELECT * FROM fn_virtualfilestats(NULL,NULL); -- 083 SELECT DB_ID('WideWorldImporters') -- 084 SELECT DB_NAME(vfs.Dbid) as 'Database' ,mf.name as 'File name' ,mf.physical_name ,CASE NumberReads WHEN 0 THEN 'none' ELSE CAST(IoStallReadMS/NumberReads AS varchar(100)) END as 'Read latency' ,CASE NumberWrites WHEN 0 THEN 'none' ELSE CAST(IoStallWriteMS/NumberWrites AS varchar(100)) END as 'Write latency' FROM fn_virtualfilestats(NULL,NULL) vfs INNER JOIN sys.master_files mf ON vfs.DbId = mf.database_id AND vfs.Fileid = mf.file_id ORDER BY DbId, file_id; /* Identify the impact of function usage to query performance and WHERE clause sargability */ -- 085 SELECT PreferredName FROM [Application].[People] WHERE LEFT(PreferredName,3) = 'Isa' SELECT PreferredName FROM [Application].[People] WHERE PreferredName LIKE 'Isa%' /* index hint CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [<Name of Missing Index, sysname,>] ON [Application].[People] ([PreferredName]) */ -- 086 CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [NonClusteredIndex-PerformanceDemo] ON [Application].[People] ( [PreferredName] ASC ) GO -- 087 DROP INDEX [NonClusteredIndex-PerformanceDemo] ON [Application].[People] -- 088 SELECT DATEADD(week, 1, '2017-08-25') -- 089 SELECT DATEADD(day, -1, GETDATE()) -- 090 CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [NCIX-ExpectedDeliveryDate] ON [Sales].[Orders] ( [ExpectedDeliveryDate] ASC ) -- 091 SELECT OrderID FROM Sales.Orders WHERE ExpectedDeliveryDate = DATEADD(day, 1, GETDATE()) SELECT OrderID FROM Sales.Orders WHERE GETDATE() = DATEADD(day, -1, ExpectedDeliveryDate) -- 092 DECLARE @tomorrow date SET @tomorrow = DATEADD(day, 1, GETDATE()) SELECT OrderID FROM Sales.Orders WHERE ExpectedDeliveryDate = @tomorrow -- 093 DROP INDEX [NCIX-ExpectedDeliveryDate] ON [Sales].[Orders] /* Identify the differences between deterministic and non-deterministic functions */ -- 094 select RAND() /* Use built-in aggregate functions */ -- 095 SELECT MAX(preferredname) FROM Application.People -- 096 SELECT TOP 1 PreferredName FROM Application.People ORDER BY PreferredName DESC -- 097 SELECT count(*) FROM sales.orders -- 098 EXEC sp_spaceused 'sales.orders' -- 099 SELECT SalespersonPersonID ,count(*) AS 'Orders per salesperson' FROM sales.orders GROUP BY SalespersonPersonID ORDER BY SalespersonPersonID -- 100 SELECT 'Average' = AVG(quantity) ,'Average #2' = AVG(CAST(quantity as decimal(5,2))) ,'Number' = COUNT(*) ,'Maximum' = MAX(quantity) ,'Minimum' = MIN(quantity) ,'Total' = SUM(quantity) FROM Sales.Orderlines; -- 101 SELECT cast(9310904 as dec(18,2))/cast(231412 as dec(18,2)) SELECT 9310904/231412 /* Use arithmetic functions, date-related functions, and system functions */ -- 102 SELECT 'Year' = YEAR('2017-08-26') ,'Year #2' = DATEPART(YEAR,'2017-08-26') ,'Month' = MONTH('2017-08-26') ,'Name of the month' = DATENAME(MONTH,'2017-08-26') ,'Day' = DAY('2017-08-26') ,'Name of the day' = DATENAME(WEEKDAY,'2017-08-26') ,'Day of the week' = DATEPART(WEEKDAY,'2017-08-26'); -- 103 SELECT @@DATEFIRST -- 104 SET DATEFIRST 1; SELECT 'First day of the week' = CASE @@DATEFIRST WHEN 1 THEN 'Monday' WHEN 2 THEN 'Tuesday' WHEN 3 THEN 'Wednesday' WHEN 4 THEN 'Thursday' WHEN 5 THEN 'Friday' WHEN 6 THEN 'Saturday' WHEN 7 THEN 'Sunday' ELSE 'I do not know what went wrong here' END SET DATEFIRST 7; -- 105 SELECT 'Current time' = Current_Timestamp ,'Current time #2' = GETDATE() ,'Current time more precision' = Sysdatetime() SELECT 'Current UTC time' = Getutcdate() ,'Current time more precision' = Sysutcdatetime() ,'Current time + UTC offset' = Sysdatetimeoffset() -- 106 SELECT TODATETIMEOFFSET(GETDATE(), '+00:00') -- 107 SELECT 'Moscow time' = SWITCHOFFSET (Sysdatetimeoffset(), '+03:00') -- 108 SELECT ISDATE('2017-02-29') -- 109 SELECT DATEDIFF(day,'1971-09-03', GETDATE()) /* arithmetic functions */ -- 110 SELECT ABS (7), ABS(-7) -- 111 SELECT 7 % 3 -- 112 SELECT 'Floor' = FLOOR(12.345) ,'Ceiling' = CEILING(12.345) ,'Round to 100' = ROUND(12.345, -2) ,'Round to 10' = ROUND(12.345, -1) ,'Round to 1' = ROUND(12.345, 0) ,'Round to .1' = ROUND(12.345, 1) ,'Round to .01' = ROUND(12.345, 2) /* string functions */ -- 113 SELECT CONCAT('mon', 'day') -- 114 SELECT 'mon' + 'day' -- 115 SELECT firstname + ' ' + lastname FROM dbo.parent SELECT CONCAT(firstname, ' ', lastname) FROM dbo.parent -- 116 SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL OFF SELECT 'mon' + NULL + 'day' SELECT CONCAT('mon', NULL, 'day') SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL ON SELECT 'mon' + NULL + 'day' SELECT CONCAT('mon', NULL, 'day') -- 117 SELECT LEFT('monday',3) SELECT RIGHT('monday',3) -- 118 SELECT SUBSTRING('The middle part', 5, 6) -- 119 SELECT LEFT('monday', 3) -- 120 SELECT SUBSTRING('monday', 1, 3) -- 121 SELECT CHARINDEX('middle', 'the middle part') -- 122 SELECT CHARINDEX('t', 'the middle part') -- 123 SELECT CHARINDEX('t', 'the middle part', 2) -- 124 SELECT PATINDEX('%m%e%', 'the middle part') -- 125 SELECT REPLACE('the middle part', 'middle', 'best') -- 126 SELECT LEN('the middle part') -- 127 SELECT CHAR(65) SELECT ASCII('A') -- 128 DECLARE @strange_string VARCHAR(100) SET @strange_string = 'mon' + CHAR(27) + 'day' SELECT @strange_string SELECT ASCII(SUBSTRING(@strange_string,4,1)) -- 129 BACKUP DATABASE model TO DISK = 'd:\model.bak' -- 130 SELECT 'BACKUP DATABASE ' + name FROM sys.databases WHERE name <> 'tempdb' -- 131 BACKUP DATABASE master BACKUP DATABASE model BACKUP DATABASE msdb BACKUP DATABASE TestDB BACKUP DATABASE WideWorldImporters -- 132 SELECT 'BACKUP DATABASE ' + name + ' TO DISK = D:\' + name + '.bak' -- 133 SELECT 'BACKUP DATABASE ' + name + ' TO DISK = ''D:\' + name + '.bak''' -- 134 SELECT 'BACKUP DATABASE ' + name + ' TO DISK = ' + CHAR(39) + 'D:\' + name + '.bak' + CHAR(39) -- 135 SELECT CONCAT('BACKUP DATABASE ', name, ' TO DISK = ', CHAR(39), 'D:\', name, '.bak', CHAR(39)) -- 136 SELECT REVERSE('monday') /* system functions */ -- 136 SELECT HOST_NAME() -- 137 SELECT USER_NAME() -- 138 CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees ( EmployeeID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL ); -- 139 INSERT dbo.Employees VALUES ('Jack', 'Ford', 'Second street 2, Denver'); -- 140 INSERT dbo.Employees VALUES (1, 'Jack', 'Ford', 'Second street 2, Denver'); -- 141 SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.Employees ON; INSERT dbo.Employees (EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, Address) VALUES (1, 'Donald', 'Charleston', 'Times Square, New York'); SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.Employees OFF; -- 142 INSERT dbo.Empolyees (FirstName, LastName, Address) VALUES ('A.', 'Snowman' 'Mount Everest, Nepal'); SELECT @@IDENTITY -- 143 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dbo.Orders DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dbo.OrderLines CREATE TABLE dbo.Orders ( OrderID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,CustomerID tinyint NOT NULL ,OrderDate datetime NOT NULL ,SalesAmount decimal(18,2) NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE dbo.OrderLines ( OrderLineID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ,OrderID tinyint NOT NULL ,Product varchar(100) NOT NULL ,Units tinyint NOT NULL ,UnitPrice decimal(18,2) NOT NULL ); DECLARE @OrderID tinyint INSERT dbo.Orders VALUES (1,'2015-05-05', 230.02); SELECT @OrderID = @@IDENTITY INSERT dbo.OrderLines VALUES ( @OrderID, 'ProductA', 1, 10.04); -- 144 /*Old syntax to drop a table only if it exists*/ IF EXISTS ( SELECT name FROM sys.tables WHERE name = 'Orders' and schema_id=SCHEMA_ID('dbo')) DROP TABLE dbo.Orders -- 145 SELECT IDENT_CURRENT('dbo.Orders') -- 146 SELECT 'Globally unique identifier' = NEWID() -- 147 CREATE TABLE tblGUID ( id uniqueidentifier DEFAULT NEWSEQUENTIALID() ,text varchar(100)); INSERT tblGUID (text) VALUES ('One') INSERT tblGUID (text) VALUES ('Two') INSERT tblGUID (text) VALUES ('Three') SELECT * FROM tblGUID -- 148 SELECT ISNUMERIC('12') as Number ,ISNUMERIC(12) as Number ,ISNUMERIC('12A') as Number -- 149 SELECT TRY_CAST('$20' as money) SELECT TRY_CAST('$20' as int) SELECT CAST('$20' as int) -- 150 SELECT CAST('20170914' AS datetime) ,CONVERT(datetime, '20170914') -- 151 SELECT CONVERT(varchar(100), GETDATE(), 100) AS 'Default' ,CONVERT(varchar(100), GETDATE(), 101) AS 'US' ,CONVERT(varchar(100), GETDATE(), 1) AS 'US (without century)' ,CONVERT(varchar(100), GETDATE(), 126) AS 'ISO8601' ,CONVERT(varchar(100), GETDATE(), 113) AS 'Europe default' -- 152 SELECT * FROM [Sales].[Invoices] SELECT @@ROWCOUNT AS 'Number of records affected' -- 153 SELECT * FROM [Sales].[Invoices] SELECT ROWCOUNT_BIG() AS 'Number of records affected' /* Modify data */ -- 154 DROP IF EXISTS TABLE dbo.Employees CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees ( EmployeeID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL ); INSERT dbo.Customers VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson', 'Main street 1, Dallas'); -- 155 INSERT dbo.Employees (FirstName, LastName) VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson') INSERT dbo.Employees (FirstName, LastName, Address) VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson', NULL) -- 156 CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees ( EmployeeID tinyint NOT NULL IDENTITY ,FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Under the bridge' ) -- 157 ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ADD DEFAULT ('Under the bridge') FOR [Address] INSERT dbo.Employees (FirstName, LastName) VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson') -- 158 INSERT dbo.Employees (FirstName, LastName) VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson') INSERT dbo.Employees (FirstName, LastName, Address) VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson', DEFAULT) -- 159 INSERT dbo.Employees DEFAULT VALUES -- 160 INSERT dbo.Employees (FirstName, LastName) VALUES ('Bob', 'Jackson') ,('Bo', 'Jackson') ,('Bill', 'Jackson') -- 161 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dbo.Employees_backup CREATE TABLE dbo.Employees_backup ( FirstName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,LastName varchar(100) NOT NULL ,[Address] varchar(100) NOT NULL ) INSERT dbo.Employees_backup SELECT FirstName, LastName, [Address] FROM dbo.Employees -- 162 INSERT dbo.Employees_backup SELECT FirstName, LastName, [Address] FROM dbo.Employees UNION SELECT 'Tim', 'Smith', 'Miami' -- 163 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dbo.Employees_backup SELECT FirstName, LastName, [Address] INTO dbo.Employees_backup FROM dbo.Employees -- 164 CREATE PROC dbo.usp_get_employees AS BEGIN SELECT FirstName, LastName, Address FROM dbo.Employees END -- 165 EXEC usp_get_employees -- 166 INSERT dbo.Employees_backup EXEC usp_get_employees -- 167 DECLARE @sql nvarchar(1000) SET @sql = 'SELECT FirstName, LastName, Address FROM dbo.Employees' EXEC (@sql) -- 168 EXEC sp_executesql @statement = @sql -- 169 INSERT dbo.Employees_backup EXEC (@sql) -- 170 INSERT dbo.Employees_backup EXEC sp_executesql @statement = @sql /* In more detail: dynamic SQL */ -- 171 SELECT TOP (3) * FROM dbo.Employees -- 172 SELECT TOP 50 percent * FROM dbo.Employees -- 173 SELECT TOP 50 percent * FROM dbo.Employees ORDER BY LastName -- 174 DECLARE @sql varchar(1000) ,@top int SET @top = 3 SET @sql = 'SELECT TOP ' + CAST (@top as varchar(10)) + 'FirstName, LastName, Address FROM dbo.Employees' EXEC (@sql) -- 175 -- create the table CREATE TABLE Students ( FirstName varchar(100) ,LastName varchar(100)) INSERT INTO dbo.Students (FirstName, LastName) VALUES('Robert', 'Tables') -- fetch the student record DECLARE @sql nvarchar(1000) ,@Firstname nvarchar(1000) SET @Firstname = 'Robert' SET @sql = 'SELECT * FROM dbo.Students WHERE FirstName = ' + CHAR(39) + @Firstname + CHAR(39) EXEC (@sql) -- 176 SET @Firstname = 'Robert''; DROP TABLE dbo.Students--' -- 177 SET @sql = 'SELECT * FROM dbo.Students WHERE FirstName = @FirstName' EXECUTE sp_executesql @statement = @sql ,@parameters = N'@FirstName as varchar(1000)' ,@FirstName = @FirstName -- 178 DECLARE @sql nvarchar(1000) ,@top int SET @sql = 'SELECT TOP (@top) FirstName, LastName, Address FROM dbo.Employees' SET @top = 3 EXEC sp_executesql @statement = @sql ,@parameters = N'@top as int' ,@top = @top -- 179 SELECT TOP (@top) FirstName, LastName, Address FROM dbo.Employees /* Cursors */ -- 180 USE WideWorldImporters DECLARE crsLoop CURSOR FOR SELECT TOP (50) FullName, UserPreferences FROM [Application].[People] ORDER BY FullName DECLARE @FullName nvarchar(50) ,@UserPreferences nvarchar(max) OPEN crsLoop FETCH NEXT FROM crsLoop INTO @FullName, @UserPreferences WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN SELECT @FullName AS [Full Name], @UserPreferences AS [User Preferences] FETCH NEXT FROM crsLoop INTO @FullName, @UserPreferences END CLOSE crsLoop DEALLOCATE crsLoop -- 181 SELECT @@SPID -- 182 KILL 58 -- 183 SELECT * FROM master..sysprocesses WHERE dbid= DB_ID('TestDB') -- 184 SELECT spid FROM master..sysprocesses WHERE dbid= DB_ID('TestDB') GROUP BY spid SELECT DISTINCT spid FROM master..sysprocesses WHERE dbid= DB_ID('TestDB') -- 185 SELECT 'KILL ' + CAST(spid AS VARCHAR(10)) -- 186 DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(100); DECLARE crsKill CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD FOR SELECT 'KILL ' + CAST(spid AS VARCHAR(10)) FROM master.dbo.sysprocesses WHERE dbid = DB_ID('TestDB') GROUP BY spid; OPEN crsKill; FETCH crsKill INTO @SQL; WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN EXEC sp_executesql @SQL; FETCH crsKill INTO @SQL END; CLOSE crsKill; DEALLOCATE crsKill; /* update */ -- 187 UPDATE dbo.Employees SET LastName = 'Didley' WHERE FirstName = 'Bo' -- 188 UPDATE TOP (1) dbo.Employees SET LastName = 'Didley' WHERE FirstName = 'Bo' ORDER BY EmployeeID -- 189 UPDATE dbo.Employees SET LastName = 'Didley' FROM ( SELECT TOP (1) EmployeeID FROM dbo.Employees WHERE FirstName = 'Bo' ORDER BY EmployeeID) AS e WHERE e.EmployeeID = Employees.EmployeeID -- 190 UPDATE dbo.Employees SET LastName = LTRIM(RTRIM(LastName)) ,Address = DEFAULT WHERE FirstName = 'Bo' -- 191 UPDATE dbo.Employees SET LastName = LTRIM(RTRIM(LastName)) ,Address = 'Home of mr. ' + FirstName + ' ' + LastName WHERE FirstName = 'Bo' -- 192 ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ADD Salary decimal(18,2) DEFAULT 1000.00 UPDATE dbo.Employees SET Salary = DEFAULT -- 193 UPDATE dbo.Employees SET Salary = Salary + 100 WHERE FirstName = 'Bo' UPDATE dbo.Employees SET Salary += 100 WHERE FirstName = 'Bo' -- 194 -- Bitwise comparison operators SELECT 1 & 1 AS 'Two ones', 1 & 0 AS 'Left one', 0 & 1 AS 'Right one', 0 & 0 AS 'No one' SELECT 1 | 1 AS 'Two ones', 1 | 0 AS 'Left one', 0 | 1 AS 'Right one', 0 | 0 AS 'No one' SELECT 1 ^ 1 AS 'Two ones', 1 ^ 0 AS 'Left one', 0 ^ 1 AS 'Right one', 0 ^ 0 AS 'No one' -- 195 SELECT 5 & 19, 5 | 19, 5 ^ 19 -- 196 -- Update on join UPDATE c SET c.StandardDiscountPercentage = 5 FROM sales.customers c INNER JOIN sales.Orders o on c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID WHERE o.OrderDate > '2016-01-01' -- 197 UPDATE Sales.Customers SET StandardDiscountPercentage = 0 WHERE StandardDiscountPercentage = 5 -- 198 -- Nondeterministic update on join UPDATE o SET comments = ol.Description FROM sales.orders o INNER JOIN sales.orderlines ol ON o.orderid = ol.orderid WHERE o.OrderID = 46 -- 199 UPDATE Sales.Orders SET comments = NULL -- 200 -- Update WHERE CURRENT OF DECLARE crsOrders CURSOR FOR SELECT orderid FROM Sales.orders DECLARE @orderid int OPEN crsOrders FETCH NEXT FROM crsOrders INTO @orderid WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN UPDATE Sales.Orders SET Comments = 'This is order ' + CAST(@orderid AS VARCHAR(10)) WHERE CURRENT OF crsOrders FETCH NEXT FROM crsOrders INTO @orderid END CLOSE crsOrders DEALLOCATE crsOrders -- 201 UPDATE Sales.Orders SET Comments = 'This is order ' + CAST(OrderId as varchar(10)) -- 202 UPDATE Sales.Orders SET comments = NULL -- 203 DECLARE @Comments nvarchar(max) UPDATE Sales.Orders SET @Comments = Comments = 'This is order ' + CAST (OrderId as varchar(10)) WHERE OrderId = 1 SELECT @Comments /* Delete */ -- 204 SELECT * FROM sales.customers c INNER JOIN sales.Orders o on c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID WHERE o.OrderDate < '2010-01-01' -- 205 DELETE FROM c FROM sales.customers c INNER JOIN sales.Orders o on c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID WHERE o.OrderDate < '2010-01-01' -- 206 DECLARE @rowcount int; SET @rowcount = 1; WHILE @rowcount > 0 BEGIN DELETE TOP (100000) FROM dbo.MyVeryLargeTable; SET @rowcount = @@rowcount; WAITFOR DELAY '00:00:10'; END; /* Output clause */ -- 207 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS output_test CREATE TABLE output_test (id int, SomeText varchar(100)) INSERT output_test (id, SomeText) VALUES (1, 'before') INSERT output_test (id, SomeText) VALUES (2, 'before') UPDATE output_test SET SomeText = 'after' OUTPUT DELETED.*, INSERTED.* DROP TABLE IF EXISTS output_test -- 208 INSERT output_test (id, SomeText) OUTPUT INSERTED.* VALUES (2, 'before') -- 209 INSERT output_test (id, SomeText) OUTPUT INSERTED.id VALUES (2, 'before') -- 210 OUTPUT DELETED.* INTO output_test_before -- 211 OUTPUT DELETED.id, DELETED.SomeText, GETDATE() INTO output_test_before (id, Sometext, ChangeTime) /* Merge statement */ -- 212 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS Params_target CREATE TABLE Params_target (drive CHAR(1), threshold_in_GB tinyint) INSERT Params_target VALUES ('C',10), ('D',10), ('E',10), ('Q',10) DECLARE @drive CHAR(1) = 'Q' ,@threshold_in_GB tinyint = 1 IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM Params_target WHERE drive = @drive) BEGIN UPDATE Params_target SET threshold_in_GB = @threshold_in_GB WHERE drive = @drive END ELSE BEGIN INSERT Params_target VALUES(@drive, @threshold_in_GB) END -- 213 SELECT * FROM Params_target ORDER BY drive -- 214 -- setup DROP TABLE IF EXISTS Params_target DROP TABLE IF EXISTS Params_source CREATE TABLE Params_target (drive CHAR(1), threshold_in_GB tinyint) INSERT Params_target VALUES ('C',10), ('D',10), ('E',10), ('Q',1) CREATE TABLE Params_source (drive CHAR(1), threshold_in_GB tinyint) INSERT Params_source VALUES('Q',1) --actual MERGE statement MERGE Params_target AS TARGET USING Params_source AS SOURCE ON TARGET.drive = SOURCE.drive WHEN MATCHED AND SOURCE.threshold_in_GB <> TARGET.threshold_in_GB THEN UPDATE SET threshold_in_GB = SOURCE.threshold_in_GB WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET THEN INSERT (drive, threshold_in_GB) VALUES (SOURCE.drive, SOURCE.threshold_in_GB) WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN DELETE OUTPUT $action, deleted.threshold_in_GB, inserted.threshold_in_GB; /* Determine the results of Data Definition Language (DDL) statements on supplied tables and data */ -- 215 -- add column ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] ADD Department varchar(100) NULL -- 216 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] DROP COLUMN Department -- 217 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] ADD Department varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'Sales' Msg 5074, Level 16, State 1, Line 12 The object 'DF__Employees__Depar__2F5453E4' is dependent on column 'Department'. Msg 4922, Level 16, State 9, Line 12 ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN Department failed because one or more objects access this column. -- 218 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] DROP CONSTRAINT [DF__Employees__Depar__2F5453E4] -- 219 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] ADD Department varchar(100) NOT NULL CONSTRAINT DF_Department DEFAULT 'Sales' -- 220 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] ADD Department varchar(100) NULL CONSTRAINT DF_Department DEFAULT 'Sales' WITH VALUES -- 221 SELECT FirstName, LastName, Address, Salary INTO Employees_test FROM dbo.employees ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees_test] ADD EmployeeID int IDENTITY /* alter column */ -- 222 ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ALTER COLUMN LastName int -- 223 ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ALTER COLUMN LastName varchar(5) -- 224 ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ALTER COLUMN LastName varchar(50) -- 225 ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ALTER COLUMN EmployeeId tinyint -- 226 ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ADD CONSTRAINT PK_Employeeid PRIMARY KEY (EmployeeId) -- 227 CREATE TABLE Departments (Department varchar(100) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY) INSERT Departments VALUES ('Sales') ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Department FOREIGN KEY (Department) REFERENCES Departments(Department) ALTER TABLE dbo.Employees ALTER COLUMN Department varchar(200) -- 228 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] ADD EmployeeNumber int NULL GO UPDATE dbo.Employees SET EmployeeNumber = EmployeeID ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] ADD CONSTRAINT uq_employeenumber UNIQUE (EmployeeNumber) GO INSERT dbo.Employees (FirstName, LastName, Address, Salary, Department, EmployeeNumber) VALUES('Lisa', 'Simpson','Springfield',1500.00,'Sales', NULL ) -- 229 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] DROP COLUMN EmployeeNumber -- 230 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] DROP CONSTRAINT uq_employeenumber ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] DROP COLUMN EmployeeNumber -- 231 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] ADD EmployeeNumber int NULL EXEC sp_rename 'Employees.EmployeeNumber', 'Employee_Number' ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] DROP COLUMN Employee_Number /* drop column */ -- 232 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] DROP COLUMN Department -- 233 CREATE INDEX ix_department ON dbo.Employees(Department) ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employees] DROP COLUMN Department -- 234 DROP INDEX ix_lastname -- 235 ALTER TABLE table WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL |
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